Cooling autumn weather and winter dampness challenge animals’ immune defences as well. Autumn is “germ season” for animals too, as certain viruses and bacteria become more active precisely when temperatures drop and humidity increases. Weather fluctuations, more time spent indoors, and stress can predispose horses to colds, coughing, and other seasonal symptoms. When immune resistance weakens, recovery from exertion also slows down.
In autumn and winter, temperature changes and humidity strain the respiratory tract and the skin. Indoor feeding and stable conditions increase the spread of viruses and bacteria. Competitions, shared transport, and routine changes raise stress levels, which weakens the immune system. Reduced access to natural forage and sunlight means fewer naturally sourced vitamins and antioxidants.
Nutritional support for immune function
A balanced diet is the foundation of health and wellbeing. During autumn and winter, it is especially important to ensure that the horse receives sufficient immune-supporting nutrients from its diet:
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Omega-3 fatty acids – support normal immune function and the body’s natural balance.
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Vitamin E and selenium – protect cells from oxidative stress.
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Zinc and biotin – maintain the condition of the skin and mucous membranes. Zinc also supports immune defence.
- Prebiotics and vitamin C – support gut health and the body’s immune response.
High-quality, nutrient-dense complementary feeds help support the horse’s natural immune defence during seasonal changes. Our selection includes plant-based omega-3 products and other vitamin-rich supplements suitable for daily use as part of a normal feeding routine.
With the right products, it is possible to support recovery as well as skin and respiratory wellbeing. It is often said that health starts in the gut, because proper digestion and a balanced gut microbiome support the horse’s overall health and immune resistance.
The most common “autumn germs” in horses
1. Equine influenza (Equine Influenza Virus, EIV)
- Highly contagious respiratory virus.
- Symptoms: fever, dry cough, nasal discharge, fatigue, and reduced appetite.
- Spreads easily at competitions, during shared transport, and in stables.
- Vaccination provides good protection, but immunity may weaken if vaccination intervals are prolonged.
2. Equine herpesviruses (EHV-1 and EHV-4)
- Often activate in autumn and winter when horses are stressed or immunity is lowered.
- Symptoms: fever, nasal discharge, sometimes swollen lymph nodes or abortion in pregnant mares.
- EHV-1 may also cause neurological symptoms (incoordination, hind-end weakness).
- Spreads via respiratory secretions and direct contact.
3. Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus
- Common bacterium in respiratory infections; may worsen viral infections.
- Symptoms: cough, nasal discharge, mild fever.
4. Strangles (Streptococcus equi)
- Occurs in autumn and winter, especially in young horses.
- Symptoms: high fever, thick nasal discharge, swollen lymph nodes and abscesses.
- Highly contagious and requires isolation and strict hygiene.
